Microsoft Online Assessment 2021 Questions and Solution

Maximal Network Rank Solution

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Microsoft Online Assessment Maximal Network Rank Solution

There is an infrastructure of n cities with some number of roads connecting these cities. Each roads[i] = [ai, bi] indicates that there is a bidirectional road between cities ai and bi.

The network rank of two different cities is defined as the total number of directly connected roads to either city. If a road is directly connected to both cities, it is only counted once.

The maximal network rank of the infrastructure is the maximum network rank of all pairs of different cities.

Given the integer n and the array roads, return the maximal network rank of the entire infrastructure.

Also See: Microsoft Online Assessment Questions and Solution

Example 1:

Maximal Network Rank Solution
Input: n = 4, roads = [[0,1],[0,3],[1,2],[1,3]]
Output: 4
Explanation: The network rank of cities 0 and 1 is 4 as there are 4 roads that are connected to either 0 or 1. The road between 0 and 1 is only counted once.

Example 2:

Maximal Network Rank Solution
Input: n = 5, roads = [[0,1],[0,3],[1,2],[1,3],[2,3],[2,4]]
Output: 5
Explanation: There are 5 roads that are connected to cities 1 or 2.

Example 3:

Input: n = 8, roads = [[0,1],[1,2],[2,3],[2,4],[5,6],[5,7]]
Output: 5
Explanation: The network rank of 2 and 5 is 5. Notice that all the cities do not have to be connected.

Constraints:

  • 2 <= n <= 100
  • 0 <= roads.length <= n * (n - 1) / 2
  • roads[i].length == 2
  • 0 <= ai, bi <= n-1
  • ai != bi
  • Each pair of cities has at most one road connecting them.

Solution

Program C++:

  1. Create Adjacency Matrix for the graph
  2. Create degree of all the nodes and insert into max heap.
  3. Pop first max element from the heap
  4. Pop second element from the heap
  5. Keep finding element in heap utill it is equal to second max.
  6. If first and second are not same , find if there exists are pair of popped out element with no path between first max and the all of the second maxs (return f+s) otherwise (return f+s-1)
  7. If first and second element are same find if there exists a pair in all the first maxs with no path between them (return f+s) otherwise (f+s-1)
class Solution {
public:
int maximalNetworkRank(int n, vector<vector>& roads) {
vector<vector> grid;
grid.resize(n);
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
grid[i].resize(n);
}

    for(int i=0;i<roads.size();i++)
    {
        grid[roads[i][0]][roads[i][1]]=1;
        grid[roads[i][1]][roads[i][0]]=1;
    }
    
    priority_queue<pair<int,int>, vector<pair<int,int>> > pq;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        int sum=0;
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
        {
            sum+=grid[i][j];
        }
        
        pq.push(make_pair(sum,i));
    }
    
    vector<int> v;
    pair<int,int> a= pq.top();
    int x=a.first;
    v.push_back(a.second);
    pq.pop();
    pair<int,int> b=pq.top();
    int y=b.first;
    v.push_back(b.second);
    pq.pop();
    
    while(pq.size()!=0 && pq.top().first==b.first)
    {
        v.push_back(pq.top().second);
        pq.pop();
    }
        if(x!=y)
        {
            for(int i=1;i<v.size();i++)
            {
                if(grid[v[0]][v[i]]==0)
                {
                    return x+y;
                }
            }
            return x+y-1;
        }
    
    for(int i=0;i<v.size();i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<v.size();j++)
        {
            if(i!=j && grid[v[i]][v[j]]==0)
            {   return x+y;
             break;
            }
        }
    }
    return x+y-1;
}};


Program Python:

Solve this problem we need to :

  • Find all candidates for most connected city
    • If there’s only 1 candidate for most connected city (let’s call it city1):
      • Find all candidates for second most connected city (let’s call it city2/cities2)
      • Loop through all cities in cities2
        • If any city2 has no connections to city1, return the sum of their (city1, and city2) connections
        • Otherwise return the sum of their connections -1 (to account for the common connection)
    • Otherwise loop through all possible combination of candidates:
      • If in any combination there’s no common edge, return the sum of their connections.
      • Otherwise return the sum of their number of connections -1.
from collections import defaultdict


class Solution:

    def computeConnections(self, roads):
        res = defaultdict(list)
        for road in roads:
            a, b = road
            res[a].append(b)
            res[b].append(a)
        return res
    
    def rankingConnections(self, connections):
        res = defaultdict(list)
        sortedRank = set()
        for city in connections:
            nOfConnections = len(connections[city])
            res[nOfConnections].append(city)
            sortedRank.add(nOfConnections)
        return res, sorted(list(sortedRank))
    
    def maximalNetworkRank(self, n: int, roads: List[List[int]]) -> int:
        if not roads:
            return 0
        connections = self.computeConnections(roads)
        citiesWithNConnections, possibleNumberOfConnections = self.rankingConnections(connections)
        highestNumberOfConnections = possibleNumberOfConnections[-1]
        
        if len(citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections]) == 1:
            # we loop through all the cities with the second highest number of connections
            # O(n) for n being the number of cities
            secondHighestNumberOfConnections = possibleNumberOfConnections[-2]
            city1 = citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections][0]
            for city2 in citiesWithNConnections[secondHighestNumberOfConnections]:
                if city2 not in connections[city1]:
                    return highestNumberOfConnections+secondHighestNumberOfConnections
            return highestNumberOfConnections+secondHighestNumberOfConnections - 1
        else:
            # we loop through all the possible combination of cities that has
            # the highest number of connections
            # O(n^2) for n being the number of cities
            for i in range(len(citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections])):
                for j in range(i+1, len(citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections])):
                    city1 = citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections][i]
                    city2 = citiesWithNConnections[highestNumberOfConnections][j]
                    if city2 not in connections[city1]:
                        return 2*highestNumberOfConnections
            return 2*highestNumberOfConnections-1

Program Java:

class Solution {
    public int maximalNetworkRank(int n, int[][] roads) {
        int[] count=new int[n];
        int[][] direct=new int[n][n];
        
        for(int[] r:roads)
        {
            count[r[0]]++;
            count[r[1]]++;
            direct[r[0]][r[1]]=1;
            direct[r[1]][r[0]]=1;
        }
        
        int rank=0;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++)
            {
                rank=Math.max(rank,count[i]+count[j]-direct[i][j]);
            }
        }
        
        return rank;
    }
}

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Microsoft Online Assessment 2021 Questions

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